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Updated: May 20, 2026

Eye Removal in Living Zebrafish Larvae to Examine Innervation-dependent Growth and Development of the Visual System
Published on: February 11, 2022
You can take the eyes out of the doll, but
Benjamin Balas1, Joseph Horski
1Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA. benjamin.balas@ndsu.edu
Abstract:
The perceived animacy of a face is well-predicted by the perceived animacy of the eyes presented in isolation. This is not true for other facial features (eg having a highly life-like nose does not appear to be crucial), suggesting that the eyes are a critical feature for perceiving life in a face. Here, we asked whether it was therefore possible to 'transplant' animacy into a face by transplanting the eyes into a face image. We conducted digital eye surgery on a series of morphed human/doll faces and found that while doll eyes make a morphed face look less alive, human eyes do not make you look more so. Thus, we cannot so easily transplant animacy into a face, but we can take it away.
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