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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

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Myocarditis I: Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

Calcified left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis.

Antonio Grimaldi¹, Anna Chiara Vermi, Ottavio Alfieri

¹Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. grimaldi.antonio@hsr.it

The Journal of Heart Valve Disease

|July 20, 2012

Summary

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a rare tropical disease with unknown causes and poor prognosis. This case highlights left ventricular EMF presenting as right-heart failure, emphasizing diagnostic challenges.

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Left Coronary Artery Ligation: A Surgical Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction

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Published on: August 9, 2022

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Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

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Published on: June 14, 2016

Left Coronary Artery Ligation: A Surgical Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction

Left Coronary Artery Ligation: A Surgical Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction

Published on: August 9, 2022

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pathology

Background:

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a rare, often fatal cardiac condition prevalent in tropical regions.
Its etiology remains unknown, with no specific treatments available, leading to a poor prognosis.

Observation:

EMF can affect both the heart and peritoneum, causing ascites that mimics right-heart failure.
This case details calcified left ventricular EMF presenting with right-heart failure.

Findings:

The presentation mimicked right-heart failure despite the absence of right ventricular fibrosis.
Diagnostic criteria for EMF can be challenging to standardize, complicating clinical recognition.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering EMF in patients with unexplained heart failure, particularly in endemic areas.
Further research into EMF etiology and treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes.