The cultural bereavement interview: a new clinical research approach for refugees

The large number of refugees in the world must cope with the loss of family and homeland. This paper proposes a new concept of cultural bereavement and presents a framework for its identification in the clinical interview with refugees. The cultural bereavement interview explores reactions to personal losses and to losses of both the social systems and the cultural meanings. Eleven areas are systematically explored, the first nine are indicators of bereavement and the tenth and eleventh are "antidotes" to cultural bereavement. The cultural bereavement interview can provide a clinical framework for exploring the patient's personal and cultural bereavement, clarify the "structure" of the patient's reactions to loss, complement the currently used psychiatric diagnostic categories, acknowledge the cultural system of meaning held by the patient, and provide information to be used in planning social supports or interventions.