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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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Gene Expression Profiling of Infecting Microbes Using a Digital Bar-coding Platform
09:13

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Published on: January 13, 2016

Gene Expression Commons: an open platform for absolute gene expression profiling.

Jun Seita1, Debashis Sahoo, Derrick J Rossi

  • 1Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America. jseita@stanford.edu

Plos One
|July 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces Gene Expression Commons, a novel platform for analyzing gene expression data. It overcomes limitations in microarray analysis by using a large reference dataset for reliable gene expression profiling.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Gene expression profiling via microarrays traditionally limited to small sample sets.
  • Probeset sensitivity variability hinders accurate absolute gene expression quantification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome limitations in microarray data analysis by developing a robust meta-analysis strategy.
  • To establish a comprehensive web-based platform for exploring gene expression patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large-scale meta-analysis (>10,000) of diverse microarray datasets as a common reference.
  • Developed statistical methods to determine probeset attributes like dynamic range and expression thresholds.
  • Implemented the strategy in the Gene Expression Commons web platform.

Main Results:

  • Successfully enabled reliable discovery of statistical attributes for each probeset.
  • Created a platform with data from 39 distinct mouse hematopoietic cell populations.
  • Facilitated exploration of gene expression levels and patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The Gene Expression Commons platform overcomes prior limitations in gene expression profiling.
  • Enables researchers to reliably analyze and explore gene expression data across diverse cell types.
  • Provides a foundation for designing biological relationship models using gene expression data.