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Otologic pathophysiology in patients with human immunodeficiency virus
1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
American Journal of Otolaryngology
|November 1, 1990
Summary
Ear problems in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are increasingly recognized. These otologic disorders stem from HIV infection, opportunistic infections, and ototoxic medications, impacting hearing and balance.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Otologic manifestations were initially considered minor in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
- Recent studies report increasing and variable otologic disorders in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals.
- Observed issues include hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus, affecting all ear divisions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the otologic findings in patients with HIV infection.
- To explore the multifactorial causes of otologic symptoms in this population.
Main Methods:
- Review of serologic and immunologic diagnostic assays.
- Analysis of clinical histories.
- Examination of temporal bone histopathology.
Main Results:
- Otologic symptoms are likely multifactorial, not solely due to HIV.
- Combined effects of HIV, opportunistic infections, and ototoxic therapies contribute to ear disorders.
- Reported functional deficits include conductive and sensorineural hearing losses, vertigo, and tinnitus.
Conclusions:
- Otologic disorders are a significant concern in HIV/AIDS patients.
- Understanding the interplay of HIV, opportunistic pathogens, and medications is crucial for managing ear conditions in this population.