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Inhibitory dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia: a review.

Claire O'Callaghan¹, John R Hodges, Michael Hornberger

¹Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders

|July 26, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients show early inhibitory control failure due to orbitofrontal cortex damage. Nonverbal tasks may improve diagnosis by assessing this dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology
Neurology

Background:

Inhibitory control deficits are an early hallmark of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
Ventromedial prefrontal cortex atrophy, especially in the orbitofrontal cortex, underlies this dysfunction.
Current assessment methods for inhibitory processes in FTD are limited and can be confounded by language deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore inhibitory functioning in FTD using nonverbal experimental tasks.
To address the limitations of existing neuropsychological assessments for FTD.
To improve the characterization of early inhibitory dysfunction for more accurate FTD diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on inhibitory control in FTD.
Discussion of limitations of current behavioral and neuropsychological assessments.
Proposal of nonverbal experimental tasks as a viable clinical tool.

Main Results:

Inhibitory dysfunction is a consistent early feature in FTD, linked to orbitofrontal cortex atrophy.
Caregiver reports vary, and existing neuropsychological tests may be confounded by language impairments.
Nonverbal tasks offer a promising alternative for assessing inhibitory control in FTD.

Conclusions:

Nonverbal experimental tasks represent a promising avenue for assessing early inhibitory dysfunction in FTD.
Improved characterization of inhibitory deficits may lead to earlier and more accurate FTD diagnosis.
This approach could help elucidate the role of orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in FTD.