A Model of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Complicated by CAWS Arteritis in DBA/2 Mice

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Cardiology
• Pathology

Background:

• Candida albicans water-soluble fraction (CAWS), a complex of mannoprotein and β-glucan, is known to induce necrotizing arteritis in DBA/2 mice.
• Previous reports indicate CAWS's potent ability to cause severe vascular inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the histopathological changes and cardiac function in DBA/2 mice following CAWS administration.
• To characterize the induced aortitis and its impact on the heart.

Main Methods:

• DBA/2 mice were administered 1 mg/day of CAWS via peritoneal injection for five consecutive days.
• Histopathological examination of the aorta and heart was performed.
• Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function, including left ventricular (LV) contractility and dimensions.
• BNP mRNA levels were measured.

Main Results:

• CAWS treatment led to 100% mortality from aortitis within weeks.
• Histology revealed left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) stenosis, aortic valve inflammation, and fibrinoid necrosis.
• Significant cardiomegaly was observed, with heart weight increasing 1.62-fold (P < 0.01).
• Echocardiography showed reduced LV contractility (LVFS decreased from 71% to 38%, P < 0.01) and LV dilatation (LVDd increased from 2.21 mm to 3.26 mm, P < 0.01).
• BNP mRNA titers were elevated in the CAWS-treated group.

Conclusions:

• CAWS-induced severe inflammation causes lethal left ventricular (LV) dysfunction through aortic valve deformation and LVOT stenosis.
• This experimental system provides a straightforward and effective model for studying heart failure induced by CAWS arteritis.