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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

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Published on: August 26, 2011

DAT by perceived MC interaction on human prefrontal activity and connectivity during emotion processing.

Paolo Taurisano1, Giuseppe Blasi, Raffaella Romano

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche, Università degli Studi di Bari Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy. a.bertolino@psichiat.uniba.it.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|July 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Early parental bonding and dopamine transporter (DAT) genotype interact to influence brain activity during emotional processing. Specifically, low maternal care and a specific DAT gene variation amplify responses to fearful faces.

Keywords:
amygdaladopamineemotionfMRIinferior frontal gyrusmaternal care

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Maternal care (MC) and dopamine signaling influence brain regions involved in emotion processing, including the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), striatum, and amygdala.
  • The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates dopamine reuptake, and its gene (DAT 3'VNTR) exhibits variations (10 vs. 9-repeat alleles) that predict DAT abundance.
  • Understanding the interplay between early life experiences and genetic predispositions is crucial for deciphering individual differences in emotional regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between perceived maternal care (MC) and DAT 3'VNTR genotype on brain activity during the processing of aversive facial emotional stimuli.
  • To explore how genetic variations in DAT influence neural responses modulated by early life experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-one healthy participants were genotyped for the DAT 3'VNTR polymorphism.
  • Participants were categorized into low and high maternal care groups based on self-reported perceived MC.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed while participants performed a gender discrimination task on facial stimuli displaying angry, fearful, or neutral expressions.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction was observed between facial expression, DAT genotype, and MC in the left IFG.
  • Individuals with low MC and homozygosity for the 10-repeat DAT allele exhibited heightened brain activity when processing fearful faces.
  • This increased activity in the IFG was inversely correlated with emotion control scores from the Big Five Questionnaire.
  • A double dissociation in functional connectivity between the IFG and amygdala was found, influenced by MC and DAT genotype.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived early parental bonding, specifically maternal care, interacts with DAT 3'VNTR genotype.
  • This interaction modulates neural activity and functional connectivity in brain circuits involved in processing emotionally relevant stimuli.
  • These findings highlight the combined influence of genetics and early environment on emotional processing and regulation.