Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
The element of naturalness when evaluating image quality of digital photo documentation after sexual assault
E J Ernst1, P M Speck, J J Fitzpatrick
1California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California, and Veterans Administration, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90747, USA. eernst@csudh.edu
Abstract:
Digital photography is a valuable adjunct to document physical injuries after sexual assault. In order for a digital photograph to have high image quality, there must exist a high level of naturalness. Digital photo documentation has varying degrees of naturalness; however, for a photograph to be natural, specific technical elements for the viewer must be satisfied. No tool was available to rate the naturalness of digital photo documentation of female genital injuries after sexual assault. The Photo Documentation Image Quality Scoring System (PDIQSS) tool was developed to rate technical elements for naturalness. Using this tool, experts evaluated randomly selected digital photographs of female genital injuries captured following sexual assault. Naturalness of female genital injuries following sexual assault was demonstrated when measured in all dimensions.
Related Concept Videos
Naturalistic Observations
Factors Influencing Attraction II: Physical Attraction
Guidelines for Nursing Documentation I
Factual:
The following points emphasize the significance of upholding accurate and unbiased documentation in healthcare.
Legal Guidelines for Documentation
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation
Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a result, EDTA...
