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Updated: May 20, 2026

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
Published on: October 18, 2024
Noelle S Matta1, David I Silbert,
1Family Eye Group, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17601, USA. noellematta@gmail.com
Most countries have pediatric vision screening programs, but less than half have a national strategy. This global overview from the International Orthoptic Association (IOA) can guide improvements in child vision health.
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