[Conditioned reflex principle in the system of neurosciences: concepts and prospects]

The role played by Pavlov's principle of conditioned reflexes in neurosciences is discussed. The problem of interneuronal connections is shown to be key in the system of the sciences. The concept of formation of interneuronal connections underlying the conditioned reflex and long-term memory has been elaborated at the Department of Physiology of the Institute of Experimental Medicine named after Pavlov. Possible mechanisms of associations between the neural memory and cell genome are analysed and the problem of the engram localization and storage are discussed. Special attention is devoted to the role played by the subjective experience, mainly emotions, in the organization of the higher brain functions. The extensive experimental evidence gained by the authors during the recent 10-12 years is generalized.