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Related Concept Videos

Caspases01:24

Caspases

Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside cells.
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...

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The Slice Culture Method for Following Development of Tooth Germs In Explant Culture
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Caspase-7 in molar tooth development.

E Matalova1, T Vanden Berghe, E Svandova

  • 1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic. matalova@iach.cz

Archives of Oral Biology
|August 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Caspase-7 is not essential for apoptosis in the primary enamel knot during tooth development. However, its presence in odontoblasts and ameloblasts suggests potential non-apoptotic roles in molar tooth formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The primary enamel knot (PEK) undergoes programmed cell death during tooth development.
  • Caspase-9, Apaf-1, and caspase-3 are known to be crucial for apoptosis in the PEK.
  • Caspase-7, an executioner caspase, is thought to possess caspase-3-like functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate caspase-7 activation during molar tooth development, focusing on the PEK.
  • To correlate caspase-7 expression with apoptosis and caspase-3 activation patterns.
  • To determine the functional significance of caspase-7 in PEK apoptosis using knockout mice.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of caspase-7 activation in wild-type and caspase-7-deficient mice during molar tooth development.
  • Investigation of apoptosis in the PEK, odontoblasts, and ameloblasts.
  • Correlation of cleaved caspase-7 expression with apoptotic cell distribution.

Main Results:

  • Cleaved caspase-7 was detected in the apoptotic regions of the PEK.
  • Caspase-7 deficiency did not alter the pattern or extent of apoptosis in the PEK.
  • Cleaved caspase-7 was observed in odontoblasts and ameloblasts at later stages, but not consistently with apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Caspase-7 is not essential for apoptosis in the primary enamel knot during tooth development.
  • The study suggests potential non-apoptotic functions for caspase-7 in tooth development, particularly in odontoblasts and ameloblasts.