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Related Concept Videos

Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview

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Introduction History of rabies control by vaccination.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency
09:04

In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency

Published on: May 11, 2020

Developments in rabies vaccines.

D J Hicks1, A R Fooks, N Johnson

  • 1Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodham Lane, Surrey University of Liverpool, National Centre for Zoonosis Research, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|August 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rabies vaccines are effective but cannot prevent disease once the virus reaches the central nervous system (CNS). New modified rabies vaccines aim to improve the immune response within the CNS to combat fatal rabies virus infections.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Immunology
  • Vaccine Development
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Rabies prevention has a long history, with inactivated tissue culture-derived vaccines proving highly effective.
  • Current rabies vaccines are successful in preventing disease in most cases but fail once the virus enters the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Rabies virus (RABV) infection remains a significant global health issue, causing thousands of human deaths annually, particularly in endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of current rabies vaccines in preventing disease progression once the virus invades the CNS.
  • To explore novel vaccination strategies that can elicit a robust immune response within the CNS against rabies virus.
  • To investigate the potential of modified rabies viruses expressing innate immune components for effective anti-viral therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Development of modified rabies viruses engineered to express components of the innate immune system.
  • Application of these modified viruses for direct inoculation as a potential therapeutic strategy.
  • Evaluation of the induced anti-viral response and protective efficacy against rabies virus infection.

Main Results:

  • Preliminary reports indicate that direct inoculation of modified rabies viruses can trigger an effective anti-viral response.
  • These novel vaccination approaches show promise in preventing fatal outcomes from rabies virus infection.
  • The study highlights a potential breakthrough in overcoming the challenge of poor immune response within the CNS.

Conclusions:

  • New vaccination strategies using modified rabies viruses offer a promising avenue for treating rabies, especially after CNS involvement.
  • These modified viruses may overcome the limitations of traditional vaccines by stimulating a localized innate immune response.
  • Further research is warranted to fully establish the safety and efficacy of these novel rabies vaccines in clinical settings.