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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

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Published on: March 1, 2022

The effect of comparative context on evaluative conditioning.

Yoav Bar-Anan1, Nili Dahan

  • 1Psychology Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel. baranany@bgu.ac.il

Cognition & Emotion
|August 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evaluative conditioning (EC) shows that liking a person depends on context. Liking increased when a neutral person was paired with negative stimuli, relative to positive stimuli, demonstrating context-dependent evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Evaluative conditioning (EC) alters stimulus evaluation based on co-occurrence with affective stimuli.
  • Previous research primarily focused on direct conditioning effects.
  • The influence of concurrent conditioning on a target stimulus remained underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if evaluative conditioning of one stimulus is influenced by the conditioning of a concurrently presented stimulus.
  • To examine the role of contextual stimuli in shaping evaluative judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Two target individuals were conditioned using positive and negative affective stimuli.
  • One individual received balanced pairings (8 positive, 8 negative).
  • The second individual's pairings were manipulated (always negative vs. always positive) to create contextual contrast.

Main Results:

  • The target individual with balanced pairings was liked more when the second individual was consistently paired with negative stimuli.
  • This effect occurred without altering the intrinsic evaluation of the unconditioned stimuli.
  • No change was observed in the general standard for positive or negative stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Evaluative conditioning is sensitive to temporary contextual standards, similar to other evaluative traits.
  • The perceived positivity or negativity of co-occurrence with affective stimuli can be modulated by concurrent conditioning.
  • Contextual factors significantly influence the outcome of evaluative conditioning processes.