Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

600
Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
600
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

398
Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
398
Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods01:19

Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods

564
A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to...
564
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

527
Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
527
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

386
Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
386
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

394
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
394

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of a QSAR model for predicting PPARα activation by PFAS based on human in vitro data of a comprehensive panel of legacy and novel PFAS.

Archives of toxicology·2026
Same author

Building trust in the integration of artificial intelligence into chemical risk assessment: findings from the 2024 ECETOC workshop.

Archives of toxicology·2026
Same author

A physics-informed neural network approach for estimating population-level pharmacokinetic parameters from aggregated concentration data.

Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics·2026
Same author

In silico investigation of complexes formed between chemical UV filters and cyclodextrins in water.

Journal of molecular graphics & modelling·2026
Same author

Review on Predictive Models and Integration Strategies for Holistic Impact Assessment of Chemicals and Materials.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

CHIASMA: Advancing chemicals and materials safety and sustainability assessments through innovative integration of in vitro and in silico (new approach) methodologies.

Computational and structural biotechnology journal·2025
Same journal

Facial iPPG heatmap patterns based on period-aware autoencoder show association with carotid atherosclerosis towards non-contact hemodynamic assessment.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same journal

Explainable machine learning models predict liver fibrosis risk and outcome in the general population: Development and multi-cohort external validation.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of surrogate endpoints for survival outcomes using the surrogate package in R.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same journal

Relative spectral and frication-based descriptors as numerical indicators of place of articulation shifts in fricatives produced by Polish children.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same journal

Leaflet resection improves valve expansion and hemodynamic performance in redo TAVI with balloon- and self-expanding transcatheter heart valve configurations.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
Same journal

Spectral super-resolution for Parkinson's voice via representation-level methods under mixed-reality acquisition.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Diagonal Method to Measure Synergy Among Any Number of Drugs
12:08

Diagonal Method to Measure Synergy Among Any Number of Drugs

Published on: June 21, 2018

21.0K

An integer programming approach for optimal drug dose computation.

Pantelis Sopasakis1, Haralambos Sarimveis

  • 1National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering, 9 Heroon Polytechneiou Str., GR-157 80 Athens, Greece.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|August 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study optimizes drug dosing schedules using integer programming, considering dose limits, timing, and toxicity. The method is extended for stochastic drug control in patient populations.

More Related Videos

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

11.6K
Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Diagonal Method to Measure Synergy Among Any Number of Drugs
12:08

Diagonal Method to Measure Synergy Among Any Number of Drugs

Published on: June 21, 2018

21.0K
Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

11.6K
Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.6K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Mathematical Modeling
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Optimizing drug administration is crucial for therapeutic efficacy and patient safety.
  • Finite dosage options, minimum dosing intervals, and toxicity thresholds complicate treatment strategies.
  • Pharmacokinetic data is essential for understanding drug concentration over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optimal drug administration strategy under constraints.
  • To formulate and solve the drug dose optimal control problem.
  • To extend the model for stochastic and population-level applications.

Main Methods:

  • Integer programming (IP) scheme for optimal control problem formulation.
  • Finite Impulse Response (FIR) model for dose-concentration correlation.
  • Extension to a stochastic formulation for practical applications.

Main Results:

  • A robust integer programming framework for optimal drug dosing.
  • Integration of pharmacokinetic data using FIR models.
  • A stochastic approach applicable to large patient populations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed integer programming method effectively determines optimal drug administration strategies.
  • The FIR model accurately links drug dosage to concentration-time profiles.
  • The stochastic extension enhances the model's applicability in real-world clinical settings.