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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

[Aortic valve surgery for autoimmune disease].

N Miyagi1, H Arai

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Kyobu Geka. the Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery
|August 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Caring for patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing aortic valve surgery requires careful pre-, peri-, and post-operative management. Strategies include modified procedures and inflammation control to prevent complications and ensure prosthetic valve durability.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Rheumatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Context:

  • Autoimmune diseases, including aortitis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis, complicate aortic valve disease management.
  • Pre-, peri-, and post-operative care strategies are crucial for patients with autoimmune conditions undergoing aortic valve surgery.

Purpose:

  • To describe recommended care protocols for aortic valve disease in patients with various autoimmune conditions.
  • To outline surgical strategies tailored to the specific autoimmune disease, inflammation level, and affected region.

Summary:

  • A modified Bentall procedure is recommended for aortitis to prevent prosthetic valve detachment due to fragile tissues.
  • Perioperative management emphasizes controlling underlying autoimmune disease inflammation with steroid coverage.
  • Key complications to avoid include infection, anticoagulation issues, and gastrointestinal bleeding; post-operative care requires vigilant monitoring of the prosthetic valve, aorta, and autoimmune disease activity.

Impact:

  • Provides evidence-based guidance for optimizing surgical outcomes in a complex patient population.
  • Highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care involving rheumatologists and cardiac surgeons.
  • Aims to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with aortic valve surgery in autoimmune disease patients.