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Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
Microbes and Climate Change01:27

Microbes and Climate Change

Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
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Updated: May 19, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

Perception of climate change.

James Hansen1, Makiko Sato, Reto Ruedy

  • 1National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA. james.e.hansen@nasa.gov

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global warming is loading the climate dice, making extreme heat events more common. These severe temperature anomalies, once rare, now frequently impact large areas, directly linked to climate change.

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Area of Science:

  • Climate science
  • Meteorology
  • Global warming studies

Background:

  • The concept of "climate dice" illustrates seasonal temperature variability.
  • Global warming has significantly altered temperature distributions over the past 30 years.

Observation:

  • Seasonal temperature anomalies show a clear shift towards warmer conditions.
  • The range of temperature anomalies has demonstrably increased.
  • Extremely hot summertime outliers (more than 3 standard deviations above the 1951-1980 average) have emerged.

Findings:

  • The frequency of extreme heat events has risen dramatically.
  • Summertime extreme heat, once covering less than 1% of Earth's surface, now affects approximately 10% of land area.
  • Attribution of specific extreme events (e.g., Texas 2011, Moscow 2010) to global warming is highly confident due to their low probability in a pre-warming climate.

Implications:

  • These findings highlight the growing impact of climate change on extreme weather.
  • Understanding the increased likelihood of severe anomalies is crucial for adaptation and mitigation strategies.
  • The study underscores the tangible consequences of a warming planet on seasonal temperatures and extreme events.