Maternal "isolated" obesity and obstetric complications
Rami Gilead1, Shimrit Yaniv Salem, Ruslan Sergienko
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Summary
Isolated obesity in pregnant women significantly increases the risk of cesarean delivery (CD) but does not raise the likelihood of adverse perinatal outcomes. This finding highlights CD as a key concern for isolated obesity during pregnancy.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Reproductive Health
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Obesity in pregnancy is associated with various adverse outcomes.
- The impact of "isolated" obesity, without other comorbidities, on pregnancy requires specific investigation.
- Understanding risks associated with isolated obesity is crucial for targeted prenatal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine pregnancy outcomes, with a focus on cesarean delivery (CD), in women with "isolated" obesity.
- To differentiate the risks of isolated obesity from obesity with coexisting medical conditions.
- To identify if isolated obesity independently influences the need for CD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective population-based study (1988-2010) comparing obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) and nonobese pregnant individuals.
- Exclusion of patients with chronic hypertension, diabetes, other morbidities, multiple gestations, advanced maternal age, grand multiparity, lack of prenatal care, or fertility treatments.
- Multivariable logistic regression models were used to control for confounders and analyze the association between isolated obesity and CD.
Main Results:
- A total of 173,628 deliveries were analyzed, with 1605 (0.9%) in patients with isolated obesity.
- Higher rates of cesarean delivery (CD) were observed in the isolated obesity group (30.7% vs. 12.3%, OR = 3.2).
- Adjusted analysis confirmed isolated obesity as an independent risk factor for CD (aOR = 2.6), with no increased risk for perinatal complications.
Conclusions:
- "Isolated" obesity is identified as an independent risk factor for cesarean delivery (CD).
- Pregnancy in women with isolated obesity does not appear to increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
- This research underscores the importance of considering isolated obesity in predicting CD risk during pregnancy.
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