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Related Concept Videos

Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Transport Across the Golgi01:26

Transport Across the Golgi

While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...

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In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth
07:10

In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth

Published on: June 28, 2019

Formation of Golgi-derived active zone precursor vesicles.

Christoph Maas1, Viviana I Torres, Wilko D Altrock

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304-5485, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how key active zone proteins like Piccolo and Bassoon are sorted into specific vesicles at the Golgi apparatus for transport to synapses. These findings clarify the initial steps in building functional synaptic connections.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Vesicular trafficking delivers essential components to synapses, but cargo selection and transport mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Understanding active zone assembly is crucial for synaptic function and plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular mechanisms of active zone precursor vesicle assembly at the Golgi apparatus.
  • To identify the roles of Piccolo, Bassoon, ELKS2/CAST, Munc13, RIM1α, and synaptic vesicle proteins in vesicle formation and cargo sorting.

Main Methods:

  • Studied Golgi-derived vesicle assembly in dissociated hippocampal neurons from Rattus norvegicus.
  • Utilized immunofluorescence and biochemical approaches to track protein localization and interactions.

Main Results:

  • Piccolo, Bassoon, and ELKS2/CAST are sorted onto a common vesicle type from the trans-Golgi network.
  • Piccolo and Bassoon are essential for ELKS2/CAST vesicle association, with Bassoon sufficient for vesicle formation.
  • Munc13 and synaptic vesicle proteins utilize distinct Golgi-derived vesicles; RIM1α associates post-Golgi.

Conclusions:

  • Piccolo and Bassoon play critical roles in the initial assembly and sorting of active zone precursor vesicles at the Golgi.
  • These findings provide insights into active zone differentiation and cargo transport specificity.
  • Further modifications of Piccolo-Bassoon vesicles may occur before synaptic delivery.