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Updated: May 19, 2026

Implementation of a Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) System on a Ti:Sapphire and OPO Laser Based Standard Laser Scanning Microscope
Published on: July 17, 2016
Structured oblique illumination microscopy for enhanced resolution imaging of non-fluorescent, coherently scattering
Shwetadwip Chowdhury1, Al-Hafeez Dhalla, Joseph Izatt
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, 136 Hudson Hall, Durham NC 27708, USA.
Abstract:
Many biological structures of interest are beyond the diffraction limit of conventional microscopes and their visualization requires application of super-resolution techniques. Such techniques have found remarkable success in surpassing the diffraction limit to achieve sub-diffraction limited resolution; however, they are predominantly limited to fluorescent samples. Here, we introduce a non-fluorescent analogue to structured illumination microscopy, termed structured oblique illumination microscopy (SOIM), where we use simultaneous oblique illuminations of the sample to multiplex high spatial-frequency content into the frequency support of the system. We introduce a theoretical framework describing how to demodulate this multiplexed information to reconstruct an image with a spatial-frequency support exceeding that of the system's classical diffraction limit. This approach allows enhanced-resolution imaging of non-fluorescent samples. Experimental confirmation of the approach is obtained in a reflection test target with moderate numerical aperture.
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