Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Shearing Strain

Shearing Strain

The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between the...

Shearing Stress

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.

Spongy Bone

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's first...

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Pharmacokinetics and safety of tezepelumab in children with mild, moderate or severe asthma and adolescents with mild-to-moderate asthma.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026

Same author

How to monitor response to biologics in children with severe asthma.

Paediatric respiratory reviews·2026

Same author

Formal Verification of Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms Using Event-B.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026

Same author

Youth vaping: an under-recognised risk behaviour in paediatric emergency care.

Paediatric respiratory reviews·2026

Same author

ALARA+: Summit on Radiation and Orthopedic Risks in Fluoroscopic Laboratories.

Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions·2026

Same author

Effects of romosozumab on bone strength around a pedicle screw as evaluated by biomechanical computed tomography-based virtual stress tests in postmenopausal women.

The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Published on: September 29, 2023

Shear strength behavior of human trabecular bone.

Arnav Sanyal¹, Atul Gupta, Harun H Bayraktar

¹Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740 , USA. arnavsanyal@berkeley.edu

Journal of Biomechanics

|August 14, 2012

Summary

Human trabecular bone is significantly weaker in shear than compression. This difference in strength is due to distinct tissue-level failure mechanisms, impacting bone and implant integrity.

More Related Videos

Fragility Assessment of Bovine Cortical Bone Using Scratch Tests

Fragility Assessment of Bovine Cortical Bone Using Scratch Tests

Published on: November 30, 2017

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Published on: September 29, 2023

Fragility Assessment of Bovine Cortical Bone Using Scratch Tests

Fragility Assessment of Bovine Cortical Bone Using Scratch Tests

Published on: November 30, 2017

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Orthopedic research
Materials science

Background:

Trabecular bone strength is crucial for skeletal integrity and bone-implant fixation.
Understanding failure mechanisms under shear and compression is vital for predicting bone behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare shear and compressive yield strengths of human trabecular bone.
To identify the underlying tissue-level failure mechanisms for each loading condition.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 54 human trabecular bone specimens from four anatomic sites.
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and non-linear finite element analysis (FEA).
Tissue-level constitutive modeling incorporating kinematic non-linearity and asymmetric yielding.

Main Results:

Both shear and compressive strengths correlated with bone volume fraction (BV/FV) via power law relationships (exponent 1.7).
The ratio of shear to compressive strength (0.44±0.16) was independent of BV/FV but influenced by microarchitecture.
Shear failure primarily involved tensile yield in oblique trabeculae; compression failure varied with BV/FV, involving tensile or compressive yield in horizontal/vertical trabeculae.

Conclusions:

Human trabecular bone exhibits significantly lower apparent shear strength compared to compressive strength.
Failure mechanisms differ between shear and compression, with shear predominantly causing tensile yield in oblique structures.