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Oscillometric and spirometric bronchodilator response in preschool children with and without asthma

Youn Ho Shin1, Sun Jung Jang, Jung Won Yoon

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

Canadian Respiratory Journal
|August 15, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Combining spirometry and impulse oscillometry system (IOS) improves asthma diagnosis in preschoolers. This approach enhances the accuracy of bronchodilator response (BDR) assessments in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Diagnostic Accuracy

Background:

  • Bronchodilator responses (BDR) are crucial for asthma diagnosis and management.
  • Current BDR evaluation methods lack quality control criteria for preschool children.
  • Investigating novel diagnostic tools for pediatric asthma is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare conventional spirometry with impulse oscillometry system (IOS) for diagnosing asthma in preschool children.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of BDR measurements using both spirometry and IOS.
  • To assess the repeatability and acceptability of BDR assessments in young children.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 30 asthmatic children and 29 healthy controls aged 2-6 years.
  • Both spirometry and IOS were performed before and after salbutamol administration.
  • Analysis focused on bronchodilator responses (BDR) including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and respiratory resistance (Rrs5).

Main Results:

  • Asthmatic children showed significant differences in BDR compared to controls using both spirometry (FEV1) and IOS (Rrs5).
  • The area under the ROC curve for spirometry-based ΔFEV1 was 0.82, and for IOS-based ΔRrs5 was 0.75.
  • Combining spirometry and IOS criteria increased diagnostic sensitivity for asthma from 0.53 to 0.63.

Conclusions:

  • Combining spirometry and IOS measurements for BDR can enhance asthma diagnosis accuracy in preschool children.
  • IOS offers a valuable complementary tool to spirometry for assessing BDR in young children.
  • Further research may refine combined diagnostic criteria for pediatric asthma.
Abstract

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