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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Fiber Type and Subcellular-Specific Analysis of Lipid Droplet Content in Skeletal Muscle

Fiber Type and Subcellular-Specific Analysis of Lipid Droplet Content in Skeletal Muscle

Published on: June 8, 2022

Acute hyperinsulinemia and reduced plasma free fatty acid levels decrease intramuscular triglyceride synthesis.

Xiao-jun Zhang¹, Lijian Wang, Demidmaa Tuvdendorj

¹Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospital for Children, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental

|August 18, 2012

Summary

Acute hyperinsulinemia reduces fatty acid availability, decreasing intramuscular triglyceride synthesis. This study shows fatty acid levels directly impact TG production in muscle tissue.

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Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Published on: November 16, 2011

Area of Science:

Metabolic Research
Endocrinology
Lipid Metabolism

Background:

Intramuscular triglycerides (TG) serve as a crucial energy source for muscle.
Understanding the regulation of intramuscular TG synthesis is vital for metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how acute hyperinsulinemia and reduced plasma free fatty acids (FFA) affect intramuscular TG synthesis.

Main Methods:

U-(13)C(16)-palmitate tracer infusion in anesthetized rabbits under euglycemic clamp conditions.
Measurement of plasma and muscle fatty acid kinetics, including palmitoyl-CoA and palmitoyl-carnitine.
Calculation of intramuscular TG fractional synthetic rate (FSR) using tracer incorporation.

Main Results:

Insulin infusion significantly decreased plasma FFA concentrations and the rate of plasma free palmitate appearance.
A reduction in intramuscular fatty acyl-CoA and fatty acyl-carnitine concentrations was observed.
Intramuscular TG FSR was significantly decreased by insulin infusion and correlated with plasma FFA and intramuscular fatty acyl-CoA levels.

Conclusions:

Fatty acid availability is a key determinant of intramuscular TG synthesis.
Insulin-induced reduction in fatty acid availability directly suppresses TG synthesis in muscle.