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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

PTR-ToF-MS Coupled with an Automated Sampling System and Tailored Data Analysis for Food Studies: Bioprocess Monitoring, Screening and Nose-space Analysis
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Published on: May 11, 2017

Complementary feeding patterns in Europe with a special focus on Italy.

M Caroli1, R M Mele, M A Tomaselli

  • 1Nutrition Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy. mcaroli@libero.it

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|August 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Most European infants start solids before six months, increasing obesity risk. Key factors include young maternal age, low socioeconomic status, and not breastfeeding, highlighting a need for better infant nutrition guidance.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Public Health
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Early nutrition significantly influences long-term obesity development.
  • Complementary feeding practices vary widely across European nations.
  • Current data on infant nutrient intake and metabolic effects during this period is insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of complementary feeding patterns in Europe.
  • To identify risk factors associated with early introduction of solid foods.
  • To highlight gaps in knowledge regarding infant nutrient intake and metabolic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on complementary feeding across European countries.
  • Analysis of common first foods and influencing factors like maternal age, socioeconomic status, and breastfeeding.
  • Examination of online resources, including food industry websites and blogs, for nutritional accuracy.

Main Results:

  • A majority of European infants are introduced to solids before the World Health Organization's recommended six months.
  • Maternal smoking, young maternal age, low socioeconomic status, and lack of breastfeeding are linked to early solid food introduction.
  • Fruit and cereals are the most common first foods, with variations based on country and feeding type.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gaps exist in understanding infant nutrient intake and metabolic effects of complementary feeding in Europe.
  • Online resources often provide nutritionally inadequate information, potentially impacting infant health.
  • Further research is crucial to optimize complementary feeding practices and safeguard children's long-term health, aligning with children's rights.