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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Published on: September 12, 2011

DIFFUSION IMAGING PROTOCOL EFFECTS ON GENETIC ASSOCIATIONS.

Neda Jahanshad¹, Omid Kohannim, Arthur W Toga

¹Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.

Proceedings. IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

|August 21, 2012

Summary

Fractional anisotropy (FA) measures of the corpus callosum genu are highly heritable, showing robustness across different diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols. Genetic analysis revealed protocol-specific differences in top associations for genu mean FA.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging genetics
Quantitative neuroanatomy

Background:

Large-scale neuroimaging studies identify genetic influences on brain structure.
Fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures white matter integrity and has been linked to candidate genes.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the heritability and protocol robustness of DTI measures for genetic analysis.
To compare DTI data acquired with two different imaging protocols in twins and siblings.

Main Methods:

Compared 417 twins/siblings using two DTI protocols (94-directions, 2mm slices vs. 27-directions, 5mm slices) on a 4-Tesla scanner.
Analyzed mean FA in white matter regions of interest (ROIs) and skeletonized FA data.
Utilized structural equation modeling (classical twin design) to estimate heritability.

Main Results:

FA measures from the genu of the corpus callosum demonstrated high heritability across both DTI protocols.
Voxelwise comparisons revealed differences in means, variances, and correlations between the two protocols.
Genome-wide analysis of genu mean FA showed protocol-dependent top genetic associations.

Conclusions:

DTI measures of the corpus callosum genu are robust and highly heritable targets for genetic studies.
Imaging protocol choice can influence genetic association findings in neuroimaging genetics research.