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Related Concept Videos

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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The structure and function of replication protein A in DNA replication.

Aishwarya Prakash1, Gloria E O Borgstahl

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Markey Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Given Medical Building, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|August 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Replication protein A (RPA) is crucial for DNA replication, repair, and recombination in eukaryotes. This review covers RPA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Single-stranded DNA binding proteins are vital for nuclear metabolism in all organisms.
  • Replication protein A (RPA) is the primary eukaryotic protein that binds single-stranded DNA (ssDNA).
  • RPA protects ssDNA, maintains its structure, and orchestrates protein complex dynamics during DNA replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of RPA's functions in DNA replication.
  • To review RPA's roles in DNA repair, particularly when replication is stalled.

Main Methods:

  • Review of structural data related to RPA.
  • Analysis of RPA's DNA-binding properties.
  • Examination of RPA's interactions with replication and DNA repair proteins.

Main Results:

  • RPA plays essential roles in protecting and unfolding ssDNA.
  • RPA coordinates protein assembly and disassembly during DNA replication.
  • RPA's involvement in recombination and DNA repair is well-established.

Conclusions:

  • RPA is a key coordinator of DNA replication, repair, and recombination processes.
  • Understanding RPA's interactions is critical for comprehending DNA metabolism, especially during replication stress.