Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 19, 2026
10:52
Chronic Constriction Injury of the Rat's Infraorbital Nerve (IoN-CCI) to Study Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain
Published on: September 21, 2015
Painless orbital myositis
1Department of Neurology, T. N. M. C. and B. Y. L. Nair Hospital, A L Nair Road, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
|August 25, 2012
Summary
Idiopathic orbital inflammation, specifically orbital myositis, can manifest as painless diplopia in children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for diagnosing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Idiopathic orbital inflammation is a significant cause of orbital disease, ranking third after Graves orbitopathy and lymphoproliferative disorders.
- Early diagnosis and management are crucial for preventing potential vision impairment and complications.
Observation:
- A case study of an 11-year-old girl presenting with a 15-day history of painless diplopia and restricted extra-ocular movements.
- Physical examination revealed mild proptosis of the right eye without conjunctival injection, chemosis, or bulb pain.
- Laboratory results showed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and eosinophilia, with positive antinuclear antibodies.
Findings:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit demonstrated findings typical of orbital myositis.
- The patient's symptoms resolved following treatment with oral steroids.
- Repetitive nerve stimulation and other specific antibody tests were negative, aiding in differential diagnosis.
Implications:
- Orbital myositis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients presenting with painless diplopia.
- MRI of the orbit is a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying orbital myositis.
- Prompt steroid treatment can effectively manage symptoms and improve outcomes in pediatric orbital myositis.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
01:28Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
01:15Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
01:22Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology
The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
01:27Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
01:22Pericarditis I: Introduction
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...