[Implant insertion in distracted bone for reconstruction after gunshot injury]

Distraction osteogenesis is a tissue engineering technique with two clinical applications in maxillofacial surgery: alveolar distraction and basal bone distraction. Even if it appears to be a binding and major surgery, distraction osteogenesis applied to facial bone, and especially to the mandible, has the great advantage of producing a pluritissular reconstruction of ideal quality and quantity, suitable for the ultimate goal of dental implant rehabilitation management. This technique had some drawbacks due to technical constraints related to the material. Distraction osteogenesis is well placed in the armamentarium of reconstructive surgery techniques for bone defects caused by trauma or tumor. It allows rapid restoration of adequate physiological conditions for mandibular dental implant placement. We reviewed the various modifications of this technique.