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Related Concept Videos

Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-I01:21

Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-I

An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care.
Physicians
The physician's primary responsibility is to diagnose illness and direct the medical or surgical treatment of the condition. The authority to admit patients to a healthcare agency or institution and practice care within that setting is granted to physicians by the healthcare agency or institution itself.
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Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) primarily center around electronically documenting patients' health information within a single healthcare organization or practice. They contain essential clinical data related to a patient's medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, lab results, and other pertinent information relevant to the specific encounter or episode of care. EMRs are designed to streamline documentation and workflow processes within individual healthcare settings,...
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The "center" of a data set is also a way of describing location. The two most widely used measures of the "center" of the data are the mean (average) and the median. The words "mean" and "average" are often used interchangeably. The substitution of one word for the other is common practice. The technical term is "arithmetic mean" and "average" is technically a center location. However, in practice among non-statisticians, "average" is commonly accepted for "arithmetic mean."
Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-II01:18

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An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care. Here are a few more healthcare professionals.
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Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease
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Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease

Published on: August 9, 2024

Lifetime earnings for physicians across specialties.

J Paul Leigh1, Daniel Tancredi, Anthony Jerant

  • 1Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616-8638, USA. pleigh@ucdavis.edu

Medical Care
|August 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physician lifetime earnings vary significantly by specialty, with primary care physicians earning millions less than surgeons and other specialists. These income disparities could impact healthcare reform and physician distribution.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Economics
  • Medical Practice Management
  • Physician Workforce Studies

Background:

  • Previous research focused on annual physician income differences.
  • Lifetime earnings are more pertinent due to physicians' long-term career commitments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate and compare lifetime earnings across various physician specialties.
  • To assess the financial implications of specialty choice for physicians.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6381 physicians (2004-2005 Community Tracking Study) and residency years (AMA FREIDA).
  • Constructed present value models with a 3% discount rate, adjusting for covariates.
  • Performed sensitivity analyses with alternative discount rates and models.

Main Results:

  • Surgery, Internal Medicine/Pediatric Subspecialties, and Other specialties showed higher lifetime earnings than Primary Care.
  • Neurological surgery, medical oncology, and radiation oncology were top-earning specialties.
  • Lifetime earnings varied by $1-3 million, with primary care specialties earning substantially less.

Conclusions:

  • Significant disparities exist in lifetime physician earnings across specialties.
  • Primary care specialties face substantial lifetime income deficits compared to other fields.
  • These earnings gaps may hinder efforts to control healthcare costs and ensure sufficient primary care physicians.