Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structural characterization of a branched α-glucan from Pseudostellaria heterophylla and its neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer's disease via regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Marine-derived PUFAs and peptides for aging-related memory deficits: processing methods, pharmacokinetics, mechanistic insights, and clinical application.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

mTOR-driven autophagy-inflammation crosstalk underlies schizophrenia pathophysiology.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors through Th1-lymphocytes and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the mouse.

European journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

Chronic sleep deprivation induces depression- and Alzheimer's disease-like changes in adult and ageing wild-type and Fat-1 transgenic mice.

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids·2025
Same author

Uncovering stage-specific neural and molecular progression in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for early screening.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same journal

The biological role of CCR4 and its ligands CCL17 and CCL22 in atopic dermatitis: therapeutic implications and future directions.

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
Same journal

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α - prospects for therapeutic targeting.

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
Same journal

The role of bile acid receptors in cholestatic liver disease: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic advances.

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
Same journal

Molecular insights for targeting the Nrf1 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
Same journal

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels: an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
Same journal

The AT<sub>2</sub> receptor as a potential target for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease therapy?

Expert opinion on therapeutic targets·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model
08:15

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Targeting IL-1 in depression.

Michael Maes1, Cai Song, Raz Yirmiya

  • 1Maes Clinics @ TRIA, Bangkok, Thailand.

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
|August 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression involves inflammation and neuroprogression, linked to elevated interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels. Blocking IL-1 signaling, potentially with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), shows promise for treating depression.

More Related Videos

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model
08:15

Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model

Published on: June 6, 2025

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Depression is linked to inflammation, Th1/Th17 responses, oxidative stress, and neuroprogression.
  • These processes involve increased monocytic activation and interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of IL-1 in depression.
  • To explore the potential of IL-1 signaling blockade as a depression treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
  • Keywords: depression, depressive-like, interleukin-1, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA).

Main Results:

  • Studies indicate increased IL-1 and IL-1RA levels in depression.
  • IL-1β administration induces depressive behaviors and neuroprogression in models.
  • IL-1RA treatment shows antidepressant-like effects and attenuates neuroprogression.

Conclusions:

  • IL-1 signaling blockade, using IL-1RA like anakinra, may treat depression.
  • Anakinra targets multiple depression-related pathways including inflammation and neuroprogression.
  • Further clinical trials are warranted for depression associated with elevated IL-1/IL-1RA ratios.