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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

The stemness phenotype model.

M H Cruz¹, A Sidén, G M Calaf

¹Department of Clinical Neuroscience R54, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

|August 29, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The stemness phenotype model (SPM) suggests all glioma cells have stem cell properties, challenging the cancer stem cell (CSC) dogma. Eliminating all cells, not just CSCs, is key for curing gliomas and potentially other cancers.

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A Photopolymerizable Hyaluronic Acid-Collagen Model of the Invasive Glioma Microenvironment with Interstitial Flow

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Published on: October 18, 2024

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

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Published on: January 20, 2023

A Photopolymerizable Hyaluronic Acid-Collagen Model of the Invasive Glioma Microenvironment with Interstitial Flow

A Photopolymerizable Hyaluronic Acid-Collagen Model of the Invasive Glioma Microenvironment with Interstitial Flow

Published on: October 18, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Cancer Biology
Tumor Microenvironment

Background:

The classical cancer stem cell (CSC) model posits that a small fraction of cells drives tumor growth and resistance.
This model suggests eliminating CSCs could cure cancer, but experimental data presents challenges to this simplistic view.
The stemness phenotype model (SPM) proposes that all tumor cells possess stemness properties, modulated by the microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

To review evidence supporting the SPM's applicability beyond gliomas.
To explore how concepts from the glioma SPM can inform understanding of other solid tumors.
To highlight the implications of the SPM for developing novel cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of experimental data from various solid tumors.
Analysis of studies on cancer cell line characteristics, clonal origin, and cell division.
Examination of research on microenvironmental influences on cancer stemness.

Main Results:

Data supports the SPM's core tenets, including the presence of CSCs in established cell lines and the clonal origin of cancer.
Evidence indicates symmetrical cell division and the capacity of non-CSCs to generate CSCs.
The microenvironment significantly impacts cancer stemness, aligning with SPM predictions.

Conclusions:

The SPM, initially proposed for gliomas, offers a more comprehensive framework for understanding various cancers.
Key concepts like stemness modulation by the microenvironment and the potential for all cells to exhibit stemness are supported by data from breast, lung, prostate cancer, and melanoma.
If validated, the SPM has significant implications for developing new cancer treatment strategies targeting all tumor cells.