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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Inflammation

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Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice
11:18

Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice

Published on: April 2, 2013

Platelets, complement and tissue inflammation.

Antonis Ioannou1, Lakshmi Kannan, George C Tsokos

  • 1Rheumatology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Autoimmunity
|August 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Platelets, when activated by complement, contribute to tissue injury in autoimmune and ischemia/reperfusion conditions. Targeting platelet activation and complement interaction may offer clinical benefits for inflammation and organ damage.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice
11:18

Real-time Imaging of Heterotypic Platelet-neutrophil Interactions on the Activated Endothelium During Vascular Inflammation and Thrombus Formation in Live Mice

Published on: April 2, 2013

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

Laminar Flow-based Assays to Investigate Leukocyte Recruitment on Cultured Vascular Cells and Adherent Platelets
08:50

Laminar Flow-based Assays to Investigate Leukocyte Recruitment on Cultured Vascular Cells and Adherent Platelets

Published on: April 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pathology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Platelet activation releases inflammatory molecules linked to tissue injury in various diseases.
  • Conditions like trauma, transplantation, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases involve platelet-mediated inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of platelets and complement in tissue inflammation and organ damage.
  • To propose a mechanism involving complement-decorated platelets in autoimmune and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on platelet activation, complement cascade, and tissue injury.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms linking platelets, complement, and inflammatory processes.

Main Results:

  • Platelet activation and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators are associated with tissue damage.
  • Complement system interaction with platelets exacerbates inflammation and organ damage.
  • Platelets, decorated with complement, inappropriately lodge in tissues, promoting inflammatory spread.

Conclusions:

  • Complement-decorated, activated platelets contribute significantly to tissue inflammation and organ damage in autoimmune and ischemia/reperfusion settings.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting complement decoration and platelet activation signaling hold promise for clinical benefit.