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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...

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Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
07:05

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Published on: January 3, 2017

Dietary hyperthyroidism in dogs.

B Köhler1, C Stengel, R Neiger

  • 1Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Im Langgewann 9, 65719 Hofheim, Germany.

The Journal of Small Animal Practice
|August 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Raw food diets can cause elevated thyroxine levels in dogs, mimicking hyperthyroidism. Changing the diet normalized thyroxine concentrations and resolved clinical signs in affected dogs.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Canine Health

Background:

  • Elevated plasma thyroxine concentration in dogs can be associated with raw food diets.
  • Hyperthyroidism signs may be present or absent in affected dogs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate dogs with elevated thyroxine levels on a raw food diet.
  • To assess the effect of dietary change on thyroxine levels and clinical signs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of dogs fed raw food with elevated thyroxine (2006-2011).
  • Measured thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels before and after diet modification.
  • Clinical signs were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Twelve dogs with a median age of five years were included.
  • Median thyroxine was 156.1 nmol/L; five of six dogs had suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (<0.03 ng/mL).
  • Dietary change normalized thyroxine and resolved clinical signs in all eight re-examined dogs.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary hyperthyroidism is a potential diagnosis in dogs consuming raw meat or gullet-based diets.
  • Veterinarians should inquire about diet when elevated thyroxine is detected, even without clinical signs.