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Related Concept Videos

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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Purifying the Impure: Sequencing Metagenomes and Metatranscriptomes from Complex Animal-associated Samples
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Purifying the Impure: Sequencing Metagenomes and Metatranscriptomes from Complex Animal-associated Samples

Published on: December 22, 2014

Sizing up metatranscriptomics.

Mary Ann Moran1, Brandon Satinsky, Scott M Gifford

  • 1Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3636, USA. mmoran@uga.edu

The ISME Journal
|August 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Marine bacteria have a small and transient messenger RNA (mRNA) pool, impacting their environmental response and metagenomic studies. This dynamic inventory influences how scientists measure microbial community functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Marine bacterial cells possess a limited number of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, approximately 200 per cell.
  • These mRNA molecules have a very short lifespan, degrading within minutes in coastal seawater environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing data on transcript dynamics in environmental bacteria.
  • To explore the implications of a small and transient mRNA inventory for functional metagenomic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available scientific literature on bacterial mRNA dynamics.
  • Conceptual analysis of the consequences of mRNA turnover for microbial community research.

Main Results:

  • Environmental bacteria maintain a surprisingly small and highly dynamic mRNA pool.
  • The transient nature of mRNA influences bacterial responses to environmental cues.

Conclusions:

  • The small and rapidly degrading mRNA pool in marine bacteria presents challenges and considerations for functional metagenomic analyses.
  • Understanding transcript dynamics is crucial for interpreting microbial community functions in environmental settings.