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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

Cardiac proton spectroscopy using large coil arrays.

Kilian Weiss1, Nicola Martini, Peter Boesiger

  • 1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

NMR in Biomedicine
|August 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Large coil arrays enhance cardiac spectroscopy for detecting myocardial creatine and triglycerides. A 32-channel array offers a 24% signal-to-noise ratio improvement over a 5-channel array, aiding clinical integration.

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Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
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Published on: September 26, 2016

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
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Published on: January 6, 2019

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
08:01

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo

Published on: September 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biochemical Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Large coil arrays are standard in cardiovascular imaging for coverage and acceleration.
  • Single-voxel cardiac spectroscopy aims to quantify myocardial metabolites like creatine and triglycerides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of large coil arrays in single-voxel cardiac spectroscopy.
  • To compare metabolite quantification using 32-channel versus 5-channel arrays.
  • To assess different coil combination strategies for signal reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a navigator-gated, cardiac-triggered point-resolved spectroscopy sequence.
  • Data acquisition in 11 healthy volunteers using 32- and 5-element coil arrays.
  • Evaluation of four distinct complex coil weight estimation and combination strategies.

Main Results:

  • Consistent triglyceride-to-water and total creatine-to-water content measurements were obtained with both coil arrays.
  • High intraclass correlation (0.76, p < 0.003) between metabolite measurements.
  • A ~24% gain in signal-to-noise ratio was observed with the 32-channel array compared to the 5-channel array.

Conclusions:

  • Large coil arrays are suitable for cardiac spectroscopy, providing comparable metabolite quantification to smaller arrays.
  • The 32-channel array offers significant signal-to-noise ratio benefits.
  • Further development of reconstruction algorithms is recommended for optimal clinical implementation of large coil arrays in cardiac spectroscopy.