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Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
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When time is space: evidence for a mental time line.

Mario Bonato1, Marco Zorzi, Carlo Umiltà

  • 1Department of General Psychology and Center for Cognitive Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. mario.bonato@unipd.it

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
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Humans may represent time spatially, linking past to left and future to right. This review explores evidence for a mental time line accessed via spatial attention and its relation to numerical cognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • The physical world tightly links time and space.
  • Emerging evidence suggests mental time representation is spatial.
  • Time-space interactions show a bias: past (left) and future (right).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for time-space interaction in cognitive processing.
  • To explore the concept of a spatially oriented mental time line.
  • To compare time-space and number-space interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of empirical findings on time-space interactions.
  • Systematic organization of evidence based on interaction type.
  • Comparative analysis with numerical cognition literature.

Main Results:

  • Humans may represent subjective time flow on a mental time line.
  • Spatial attention mechanisms appear crucial for accessing this mental time line.
  • Time-space interactions share similarities with number-space interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The mental representation of time likely involves spatial processing.
  • A common magnitude processing system for time, space, and number is plausible.
  • Cortical circuits for spatial attention and sensorimotor transformations may ground these representations.