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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

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Social Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis: A Multidomain Investigation.

Dalya Eda Akbalık¹, Murat Kürtüncü², Tuncay Gündüz²

¹Department of General Psychology and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, unipd.it.

Behavioural Neurology

|March 11, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients show significant social cognition deficits, particularly in recognizing negative emotions. These impairments are domain-specific and linked to disability and disease duration.

Keywords:

emotion recognition multiple sclerosis social cognition theory of mind

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology

Background:

Cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis is widely studied.
Social cognition deficits in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate social cognition, including theory of mind (ToM) and emotion recognition, in RRMS patients.
To determine if social cognition deficits are domain-specific in RRMS.

Main Methods:

Recruited 30 Turkish RRMS patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs).
Assessed affective and cognitive ToM, and emotion recognition (naming/discriminating facial expressions).
Used novel, broad test combinations requiring verbal responses and accuracy scoring.

Main Results:

RRMS patients had significantly lower accuracy in all social cognition tasks compared to HCs.
Emotion discrimination performance negatively correlated with disability and disease duration.
RRMS patients showed deficits in recognizing negative emotions, but not positive emotions.
Social cognition deficits were domain-specific, even after controlling for overall cognitive functioning.

Conclusions:

Social cognition impairments in RRMS are domain-specific.
Deficits in emotion recognition, especially negative emotions, are prominent in RRMS.
Findings are consistent across different cultural contexts.