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PCDD/F release during benthic trawler-induced sediment resuspension.

Ian J Allan¹, Hans C Nilsson, Ingrid Tjensvoll

¹Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo Centre for Interdisciplinary Environmental and Social Research, Oslo, Norway. ian.allan@niva.no

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

|September 1, 2012

Summary

Benthic trawling in Norway

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Marine Ecology
Pollutant Dynamics

Background:

Benthic trawling activities in the Grenland fjord system, Norway, regularly resuspend sediments.
Sediment resuspension can alter the fate, movement, and bioavailability of sediment-associated pollutants.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are persistent organic pollutants of concern.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the in situ impact of benthic trawling-induced sediment resuspension on the concentrations of freely dissolved PCDD/Fs.
To assess the rapid changes in PCDD/F bioavailability following sediment disturbance.

Main Methods:

A novel method using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) towed by trawl nets was employed for in situ passive sampling.
SPMDs were exposed for short durations (5 hours) to capture transient changes.
High-volume air sampling was used to measure filtered PCDD/F concentrations before and during sediment plume events.

Main Results:

Significant accumulation of various PCDD/F congeners was detected on SPMDs, even with short exposure times.
Freely dissolved PCDD/F concentrations increased by approximately one order of magnitude within minutes of sediment resuspension.
Measured changes in filtered PCDD/F concentrations corroborated the SPMD findings, confirming increased pollutant levels in the water column.

Conclusions:

Benthic trawling significantly and rapidly increases the freely dissolved concentrations and bioavailability of PCDD/Fs in the water column.
The novel SPMD towing method effectively captures short-term, dynamic changes in pollutant concentrations associated with sediment resuspension.
Understanding these rapid pollutant dynamics is crucial for assessing the ecological risks posed by trawling in contaminated marine environments.