Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rapid personalized computational modeling of the wrist.

Medical engineering & physics·2026
Same author

Artificial Intelligence Models for Classifying Wrist Ligament Injuries Using Synthetically-Generated Joint Proximity Maps from Finite Element Models.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Intradiscal pressure distributions in degenerated intervertebral discs: A biomechanical investigation.

Journal of medical and biological engineering·2026
Same author

Damping behavior of adaptable shoe under torsional loading at varying angular velocities: replicating the effects on cutting maneuvers.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Finite Element Modeling of the Scaphoid Shift Maneuver: Implications for Scapholunate Ligament injuries.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Exploring Mechanisms of Calcific Tendonitis Using a Novel Turkey Model.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running
06:35

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running

Published on: September 14, 2017

Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and flatfoot: analysis with simulated walking.

Kota Watanabe1, Harold B Kitaoka, Tadashi Fujii

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Gait & Posture
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study simulated flatfoot using a dynamic foot-ankle simulator, revealing significant alterations in foot and ankle motion, particularly in the coronal and transverse planes. The findings provide a valuable model for studying flatfoot biomechanics and surgical outcomes.

More Related Videos

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy
04:37

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy

Published on: March 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running
06:35

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running

Published on: September 14, 2017

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy
04:37

A Passive Ankle Dorsiflexion Testing System for an In Vivo Model of Overuse-induced Tendinopathy

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Musculoskeletal System

Background:

  • Flatfoot (pes planus) and posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) are common orthopedic conditions.
  • Existing cadaveric studies often lack dynamic analysis of foot and ankle motion during simulated PTTD.
  • Understanding the unconstrained joint kinematics is crucial for evaluating PTTD pathology and treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic, unconstrained joint motion of the foot and ankle during the stance phase in a simulated stage 2 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) model.
  • To quantify kinematic alterations in the foot and ankle complex under simulated PTTD conditions compared to a normal, intact state.
  • To establish a validated biomechanical model for further research into flatfoot conditions and surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dynamic foot-ankle simulator applying muscle forces via servo-pneumatic cylinders and simulating gait loads.
  • Employed a magnetic tracking system to monitor three-dimensional bone movements in 22 fresh-frozen lower extremities.
  • Created a simulated flatfoot condition by sectioning peritalar constraints and unloading the posterior tibial muscle, then compared kinematics to the intact state.

Main Results:

  • Intact foot and ankle kinematics aligned with normal gait analysis data.
  • Simulated flatfoot condition demonstrated significantly altered kinematics, especially in the coronal and transverse planes.
  • Increased calcaneal eversion (11.1° vs. 5.8°) and calcaneal-tibial external rotation (8.1° vs. 2.3°) were observed in the flatfoot model.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic simulator effectively replicated kinematic changes consistent with stage 2 PTTD.
  • The developed flatfoot model provides a robust platform for detailed biomechanical analysis of PTTD.
  • This research facilitates further investigation into the effects of surgical treatments for flatfoot deformities.