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Related Concept Videos

Bystander Effect02:09

Bystander Effect

The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
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Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
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During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...
Ecological Disturbance02:26

Ecological Disturbance

An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

The unwelcome visitor.

Gim Gee Teng1, Chung Yan Tong, Choon How How

  • 1University Medicine Cluster, Division of Rheumatology, National University Health System, Singapore. gim_gee_teng@nuhs.edu.sg

Singapore Medical Journal
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gout management requires consistent urate-lowering therapy to below 360 μmol/l (6 mg/dL). Holistic care includes patient education, diet, and treating comorbidities for effective gout control.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Gout is a chronic inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent flares.
  • It is often underestimated but significantly impacts quality of life.

Observation:

  • Effective gout control is achieved by maintaining serum urate levels below 360 μmol/l (6 mg/dL).
  • Colchicine prophylaxis during urate-lowering therapy titration is underutilized.
  • Holistic management is crucial, integrating patient education, dietary guidance, and comorbidity management.

Findings:

  • Consistent urate-lowering pharmacotherapy is key to controlling gout.
  • Judicious use of acute therapies (NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids) is necessary, especially in the elderly, due to toxicity risks.

Implications:

  • Comprehensive gout management, including patient education, lifestyle modifications, and comorbidity treatment, leads to significant patient and physician satisfaction.
  • Understanding gout pathogenesis and judicious pharmacotherapy enables effective disease control.