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Advances in total joint replacement in small animals.

M J Allen1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

The Journal of Small Animal Practice
|September 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Total joint replacement is a common surgery for small animals with severe joint issues. Future advancements require rigorous lab testing, clinical outcome assessment, and implant retrieval analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Orthopedics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Total joint replacement (TJR) is an established treatment for advanced joint disease in small animals.
  • Current TJR procedures focus on hip, elbow, and knee joints.
  • Potential applications exist for other joints like the intervertebral discs, hock, and shoulder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current advancements in small animal TJR.
  • To explore the potential for TJR in additional joints.
  • To discuss future directions and necessary evaluation protocols for TJR development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and surgical techniques in veterinary TJR.
  • Analysis of emerging technologies such as cementless fixation and bone-sparing procedures.
  • Discussion of custom implant development for complex cases.

Main Results:

  • TJR is a routine option for hip, elbow, and knee replacement in small animals.
  • Emerging techniques include cementless fixation and bone-sparing approaches.
  • Custom implants are being developed for revision and oncologic reconstruction.

Conclusions:

  • Continued growth in small animal TJR necessitates robust evaluation.
  • Future developments must be supported by laboratory testing, clinical outcome assessment, and implant retrieval analysis.
  • A coordinated retrieval program is crucial for understanding implant performance and failure modes.

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