Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 19, 2026
10:42
A Tripeptide-Stabilized Nanoemulsion of Oleic Acid
Published on: February 27, 2019
Peptide therapeutics: it's all in the delivery
Marshall Grant1, Andrea Leone-Bay
1MannKind Corporation, Danbury, CT 06810, USA.
Therapeutic Delivery
|September 6, 2012
Summary
The route of administration significantly impacts peptide pharmacokinetics and biological activity. Optimizing delivery routes, like for insulin, enhances therapeutic efficiency and minimizes side effects.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Drug Delivery
- Biotechnology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- The route of administration influences peptide pharmacokinetics and biological activity.
- Physiological peptide release, like insulin's, involves basal and prandial components.
- Mimicking physiological release enhances peptide efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how different administration routes affect peptide pharmacokinetics and biological activity.
- To illustrate the relationship between peptide exposure, route of administration, and therapeutic effect.
- To explore noninvasive peptide delivery for metabolic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific work on peptide administration routes.
- Analysis of pharmacokinetic and biological activity data for various peptides.
- Presentation of nonclinical studies on obesity treatments (oxyntomodulin, PYY 3-36).
Main Results:
- Noninvasive routes (oral, transdermal, nasal, pulmonary) for insulin resemble prandial release.
- Route of administration can bypass first-pass metabolism and alter receptor timing.
- Inhaled GLP-1 shows different side effect profiles compared to injection.
Conclusions:
- Route of administration is a critical factor in peptide drug development.
- Tailoring delivery methods to mimic physiological release can improve therapeutic outcomes.
- Noninvasive peptide delivery holds promise for treating metabolic disorders like obesity.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers
Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
01:16Drug Delivery: Overview
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
01:24Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted
Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
01:28Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices
Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
01:29Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...