Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Law of Independent Assortment02:03

Law of Independent Assortment

While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation01:24

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation

This lesson introduces two critical methods in pharmacokinetics, the Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Riegelman methods, used for estimating the absorption rate constant (ka) for drugs administered via non-intravenous routes. The Wagner-Nelson method relates ka to the plasma concentration derived from the slope of a semilog percent unabsorbed time plot. However, it is limited to drugs with one-compartment kinetics and can be impacted by factors like gastrointestinal motility or enzymatic degradation.
On...
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview01:21

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Paternity testing that involves a DNA mixture.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2016
Same author

'Stochastic' effects at balanced mixtures: a calibration study.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2013
Same author

Using forensic microsatellites to decipher the genetic structure of linguistic and geographic isolates: A survey in the eastern Italian Alps.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2012
Same author

Autopsy investigation and Bayesian approach to coronary artery disease in victims of motor-vehicle accidents.

Atherosclerosis·2011
Same author

Probabilistic expert systems for forensic inference from DNA markers in horses: applications to confirm genealogies with lack of genetic data.

The Journal of heredity·2009
Same author

ISFG: Recommendations on biostatistics in paternity testing.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2008

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence
11:49

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence

Published on: March 9, 2015

Joint Bayesian analysis of forensic mixtures.

Vince L Pascali1, Sara Merigioli

  • 1Institute of Legal Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy. vince.pascali@rm.unicatt.it

Forensic Science International. Genetics
|September 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Forensic DNA mixture interpretation can be uncertain. Joint Bayesian analysis using object-oriented Bayesian networks improves genotype assignment by evaluating all PCR experiment data, especially for potentially related traces.

More Related Videos

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
05:31

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool

Published on: May 25, 2021

Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm
09:49

Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm

Published on: December 24, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence
11:49

Enhanced Genetic Analysis of Single Human Bioparticles Recovered by Simplified Micromanipulation from Forensic ‘Touch DNA’ Evidence

Published on: March 9, 2015

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
05:31

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool

Published on: May 25, 2021

Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm
09:49

Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm

Published on: December 24, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Interpreting multiple PCR results from the same DNA mixture or related traces is common in forensic casework.
  • Uncertainty in genotype assignment arises from ambiguous peak profiles, PCR preferential amplification, and technical issues like dropouts/dropins.
  • Current empirical methods often discard valuable evidence by selecting single profiles or creating composite ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a joint Bayesian analysis (JBA) approach for interpreting series of PCR experiments on DNA mixtures.
  • To demonstrate the utility of object-oriented Bayesian networks (OOBNs) in performing JBA for forensic casework.
  • To address genotype assignment uncertainty in complex DNA mixture scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of specifically tailored OOBNs models for JBA.
  • Analysis of peak area data from experimentally designed DNA mixtures.
  • Comparison of JBA with empirical methods for genotype assignment.

Main Results:

  • JBA, utilizing all peak area evidence, enabled genotype assignments that reflected the complete available data.
  • Ambiguity in genotype assignment was reduced, particularly in the 'potentially related traces' scenario.
  • Residual ambiguity was observed in 'series of results in mixture' with partially overlapping alleles, highlighting the need for further testing.

Conclusions:

  • Joint Bayesian analysis with OOBNs offers a more comprehensive approach to interpreting complex forensic DNA mixtures.
  • This method improves genotype assignment accuracy by leveraging all experimental data.
  • Further research, including blind sensitivity tests, is needed to address residual ambiguities in specific mixture types.