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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Chinese Herbal Retention Enema for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
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Taming the irritable bowel.

Jackie D Wood1

  • 1Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Jackie.wood@osumc.edu

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|September 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how drugs calm irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by targeting the enteric nervous system. Future research should focus on underlying malfunctions, not just symptom control, for better treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDS), including Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), are often treated with drugs acting on the enteric nervous system (ENS).
  • Current pharmacotherapeutic research for FGIDS primarily focuses on symptom management, potentially hindering significant progress.
  • Understanding the neurophysiology of the ENS is crucial for elucidating drug mechanisms in FGIDS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action for drugs targeting the irritable bowel.
  • To provide a neurogastroenterological perspective on drug efficacy in FGIDS.
  • To highlight the need for a shift in research focus from symptom control to underlying malfunctions.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on FGIDS pharmacotherapy.
  • Analysis of drug mechanisms within the context of ENS neurophysiology.
  • Discussion of current research trends and future directions.

Main Results:

  • Many FGIDS drugs exert their effects within the ENS, the 'brain-in-the-gut'.
  • A significant incidence of autoimmune degenerative neuropathy in the ENS is observed in IBS patients.
  • This neuropathy is hypothesized to cause symptoms due to impaired neural control and sensory sensitization.

Conclusions:

  • Effective treatment of IBS and other FGIDS requires a deeper understanding of ENS neurophysiology.
  • A paradigm shift towards addressing the root malfunctions, rather than solely managing symptoms, is necessary for therapeutic advancement.
  • Autoimmune neuropathy of the ENS is a potential key factor in IBS pathogenesis and requires further investigation.