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Related Concept Videos

Absolute Motion Analysis- General Plane Motion01:24

Absolute Motion Analysis- General Plane Motion

Visualize a drone, with its propellers spinning rapidly, hovering mid-air. The fascinating movements and operations of this drone can be comprehended by applying the principle of general plane motion.
As the drone's propellers rotate, an upward force is generated that counteracts the force of gravity, enabling the drone to lift off from the ground. This initial movement of the drone is along a straight path, representing a form of translational motion. In this phase, every point on the drone...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes01:25

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it instrumental in...
Planar Rigid-Body Motion01:22

Planar Rigid-Body Motion

Understanding the movement of a rigid body in planar motion involves recognizing that every particle within this body is traversing a path that maintains a consistent distance from a specific plane. This concept is fundamental in the study of physics and mechanical engineering, and it allows us to comprehend better how objects move in space.
Planar motion is typically divided into three distinct categories. The first is rectilinear translation, demonstrated by a subway train that moves along...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Curvilinear Motion: Rectangular Components01:23

Curvilinear Motion: Rectangular Components

Curvilinear motion characterizes the movement of a particle or object along a curved path, notably evident when envisioning a car navigating a winding road. If the car starts at point A, its position vector is established within a fixed frame of reference, where the ratio of the position vector to its magnitude signifies the unit vector pointing in the position vector's direction.
As the car advances, its position evolves over time. Quantifying the car's velocity involves computing the time...
Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration01:10

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
09:46

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

Couch-based motion compensation: modelling, simulation and real-time experiments.

Olivier C L Haas1, Piotr Skworcow2, Daniel Paluszczyszyn2

  • 1Control Theory and Applications Centre, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK.

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|September 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an active motion compensation strategy for radiotherapy couches, achieving sub-millimeter accuracy. The system effectively reduces tracking errors, ensuring precise patient positioning during treatment.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
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Published on: May 10, 2012

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Published on: April 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy Technology
  • Control Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate patient positioning is critical in radiotherapy to ensure accurate dose delivery.
  • Couch motion and deflection can introduce significant errors in treatment accuracy.
  • Existing motion compensation strategies often lack comprehensive modeling of couch dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a couch-based active motion compensation strategy for radiotherapy.
  • To model and compensate for couch dynamics, including nonlinearities and deflection.
  • To evaluate the tracking accuracy and dosimetric impact of the proposed motion compensation system.

Main Methods:

  • A Kalman filter and linear model predictive controller were combined for motion prediction and control.
  • An observer provided estimated position and velocity feedback for the controller.
  • New generic couch models were developed to represent Elekta Precise Table™ dynamics, including dead-zone nonlinearity.
  • An inversion technique compensated for dead-zone nonlinearity.
  • A feed-forward approach addressed couch deflection.
  • Simultaneous compensation for longitudinal, lateral, and vertical motions was implemented.

Main Results:

  • The motion compensation strategy was evaluated in simulation and validated experimentally.
  • Tracking errors were found to be between 0.5 and 2 mm RMS for arbitrary trajectories.
  • Couch deflection up to 25 mm was measured and compensated for.
  • Dosimetric evaluation showed no notable differences between fixed and motion-compensated targets.
  • The system demonstrated effective simultaneous motion compensation in multiple directions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed couch-based active motion compensation strategy significantly improves tracking accuracy in radiotherapy.
  • The strategy effectively models and compensates for couch dynamics and nonlinearities.
  • The system shows potential for enhancing treatment precision and reducing uncertainties in radiotherapy delivery.
  • Further improvements in dosimetric accuracy can be achieved by integrating gating and PSS compensation.