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Ginkgo biloba does not improve cognitive function in MS: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Jesus F Lovera1, Edward Kim, Elizabeth Heriza

  • 1Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA. jlover@lsuhsc.edu

Neurology
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Ginkgo biloba extract (ginkgo) did not improve cognitive function in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). This 12-week study found no significant cognitive benefits from daily ginkgo supplementation.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a common and disabling symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Ginkgo biloba extract (ginkgo) is a popular herbal supplement often marketed for cognitive enhancement.
  • Evidence supporting ginkgo's efficacy for cognitive deficits in neurological conditions remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of ginkgo biloba extract in improving cognitive function in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To assess the impact of ginkgo supplementation on specific cognitive domains affected in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with participants diagnosed with MS.
  • Participants with cognitive deficits (1 SD below the mean on specific neuropsychological tests) received either 120 mg of ginkgo or a placebo twice daily for 12 weeks.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT), Stroop Test, California Verbal Learning Test II (CVLT-II), and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT).

Main Results:

  • A total of 122 participants (61 ginkgo, 59 placebo) completed the study, with minimal loss to follow-up.
  • No statistically significant differences in cognitive test performance were observed between the ginkgo and placebo groups at the end of the 12-week treatment period.
  • Adverse events were comparable between groups, with no significant safety concerns attributed to ginkgo supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment with ginkgo biloba extract at a dosage of 120 mg twice daily for 12 weeks does not yield significant improvements in cognitive function for individuals with multiple sclerosis.
  • This study provides Class I evidence indicating that ginkgo is not an effective treatment for cognitive impairment associated with MS.

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