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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Technique to Target Microinjection to the Developing Xenopus Kidney
11:29

Technique to Target Microinjection to the Developing Xenopus Kidney

Published on: May 3, 2016

Methods to analyze microRNA expression and function during Xenopus development.

Boyan Bonev1, Nancy Papalopulu

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK. boyan.bonev@manchester.ac.uk

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces new methods for studying microRNAs (miRNAs) in Xenopus tropicalis. These techniques allow researchers to detect, overexpress, and inhibit miRNAs, aiding in the understanding of their biological functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression posttranscriptionally.
  • Their biogenesis involves processing of primary transcripts with hairpin structures into mature ~22 nt RNAs.
  • The functions of many vertebrate miRNAs remain unknown, necessitating model systems like Xenopus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish robust methods for detecting, overexpressing, and inhibiting miRNAs in Xenopus tropicalis.
  • To facilitate the investigation of miRNA biological functions using established Xenopus research protocols.
  • To adapt existing molecular biology techniques for the unique characteristics of small RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of modified protocols for miRNA detection in Xenopus tropicalis.
  • Implementation of techniques for miRNA overexpression in Xenopus embryos.
  • Establishment of methods for miRNA inhibition (antagomirs) in Xenopus tropicalis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated methods to accurately detect mature microRNAs in Xenopus.
  • Showcased effective strategies for manipulating miRNA levels (upregulation and downregulation).
  • Validated the utility of these methods for functional studies in a vertebrate model.

Conclusions:

  • The presented methods are effective for studying microRNA biology in Xenopus tropicalis.
  • These tools enable functional characterization of previously uncharacterized miRNAs.
  • Xenopus tropicalis serves as a valuable model for understanding microRNA roles in vertebrates.