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Trust at first sight: evidence from ERPs.

Tessa Marzi1, Stefania Righi, Sara Ottonello

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi, 12. Complesso di San Salvi, Padiglione 26, 50135 Firenze, Italy. tessa.marzi@unifi.it.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First impressions of trustworthiness in faces are processed rapidly, with untrustworthy faces triggering earlier neural responses. This suggests a specialized brain mechanism for quickly evaluating potential threats from facial appearance.

Keywords:
emotionevent-related potentialsface perceptiontrustworthiness

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • First impressions are formed rapidly based on facial appearance.
  • The neural underpinnings of trust evaluation are not fully understood.
  • Facial trustworthiness judgments influence social interactions and decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of first impressions of facial trustworthiness using event-related potentials (ERPs).
  • To differentiate neural processing for trustworthiness evaluation versus political decision-making based on faces.
  • To explore the role of early neural markers in signaling potential threat from faces.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants evaluated briefly presented faces for trustworthiness and political choice.
  • Behavioral data on face discrimination accuracy were collected.
  • Analysis focused on ERP components like P100, early posterior negativity (EPN), late positive potential (LPP), and N170.

Main Results:

  • Participants were more accurate in identifying untrustworthy faces.
  • Untrustworthy faces elicited enhanced P100, EPN, and LPP components compared to trustworthy faces.
  • Trustworthiness evaluation showed distinct ERP patterns compared to political decision-making, which involved increased N170 amplitude.
  • ERP responses to untrustworthy faces mirrored those seen in facial expression processing.

Conclusions:

  • Neural processing prioritizes signals of potential threat, indicated by early ERP enhancements for untrustworthy faces.
  • A specialized, rapid neural system may exist for trust evaluation, possibly linked to emotional processing.
  • Distinct neural mechanisms underlie trustworthiness judgments and structural face encoding for political categorization.