Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia: time for Italian recommendations?

The introduction of effective therapies for hyperbilirubinemia might have led to a general overconfidence among neonatal healthcare providers. National guidelines have been issued in many countries though they hardly stand the challenge of evidence-based medicine. A comparative appraisal shows significant discrepancies among different documents. As new, compelling evidence sheds a different light on bilirubin toxicity, this heterogeneity that borders confusion should be solved by implementing both clinical and basic research on the complex issue of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.