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Dietary exposure assessments for children in europe (the EXPOCHI project): rationale, methods and design
Inge Huybrechts1, Isabelle Sioen, Polly E Boon
1Department of Public Health, Ghent University, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. inge.huybrechts@ugent.be.
Insights
The EXPOCHI project assessed dietary exposure to lead, chromium, selenium, and food colors in European children. This study highlights the need for standardized methods in children
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Pediatric Nutrition
Background:
- Dietary exposure assessment studies in children are scarce, despite their vulnerability.
- Children exhibit higher food consumption per body weight, increasing potential exposure.
- The EXPOCHI project addresses this gap by consolidating European child dietary data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a network of individual food consumption databases for children across Europe.
- To assess the usual dietary intake of lead, chromium, selenium, and food colors in children.
- To facilitate pan-European exposure assessments for vulnerable pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- Inclusion of 14 child-focused food consumption databases from 13 European countries.
- Utilized 24-hour dietary recalls and multi-day dietary records for long-term exposure assessment.
- Standardized food categorization using SCOOP and EU directives for accurate exposure analysis.
Main Results:
- A pan-European dataset for assessing long-term exposure to specific contaminants and additives in children.
- Enabled the analysis of usual intake levels for lead, chromium, selenium, and food colors.
- Identified 13 European countries contributing to the exposure assessment.
Conclusions:
- The EXPOCHI project provides a comprehensive pan-European exposure assessment for children.
- Acknowledges the necessity of detailing diverse methodologies and limitations across participating countries.
- Emphasizes the importance of harmonized approaches for future child dietary exposure studies.
Background/Purpose:
The number of dietary exposure assessment studies focussing on children is very limited. Children are however a vulnerable group due to their higher food consumption level per kg body weight. Therefore, the EXPOCHI project aims 1 to create a relational network of individual food consumption databases in children, covering different geographical areas within Europe, and 2 to use these data to assess the usual intake of lead, chromium, selenium and food colours.
Methods:
EXPOCHI includes 14 food consumption databases focussed on children (1-14 y old). The data are considered representative at national/regional level: 14 regions covering 13 countries. Since the aim of the study is to perform long-term exposure assessments, only data derived from 24 hr dietary recalls and dietary records recorded on at least two non-consecutive days per individual were included in the dietary exposure assessments. To link consumption data and concentration data of lead, chromium and selenium in a standardised way, categorisation of the food consumption data was based on the food categorisation system described within the SCOOP Task report 3.2.11. For food colours, the food categorisation system specified in the Council Directive 94/36/EC was used.
Conclusion:
The EXPOCHI project includes a pan-European long-term exposure assessment of lead, chromium, selenium and food colours among children living in 13 different EU countries. However, the different study methods and designs used to collect the data in the different countries necessitate an in-depth description of these different methods and a discussion about the resulting limitations.
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